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Top European Hotels Fight for Staff, Left With No Choice But To Hire Inexperienced Workers_我的网站

一 |     本文来自微信公众号：财联社AI daily （ID：gh_f7653dea6e99），作者：周子意                    据业内人士透露，微软已向英特尔下达其下一代人工智能芯片Maia 2的晶圆代工订单，计划采用英特尔的18A或18A-P制程。    Europe’s leading hotelier Accor - a French international hospitality business with billions in revenue and more than 5,100 hotels - is now beginning “trials” to hire people with no experience in the hotel industry, the company’s chief executive Sebastien Bazin said, as it struggles to fill at least 35,000 vacancies.,“We tried in Lyon and Bordeaux 10 days ago and this weekend we're having people interviewed with no CV, no previous job experience and they are hired within 24 hours," Bazin said.,Since underpaid workers left the company, Accor is now filling those positions with those who are desperate for work such as students and/or expats.,Those who are practically hired on the spot by the multi-billion dollar company are trained in only six hours and are forced to learn on the job. The company will also limit their contact with customers as they struggle with staffing.,"It's students, people coming from North Africa," Bazin said, "and basically closing restaurants for lunch or [opening them] only five days a week. There's no other solution.",Some hoteliers will have to increase pay to find the help they need this tourist season. Spain’s tourism sector supported 13.5 percent of their workforce in 2018 - before the pandemic - and accounted for 11.8 percent of their gross domestic product in 2017. But Spain’s catering industry is at present short some 200,000 workers, and Portugal is fighting to increase staff at their hotels to keep pace with increasing demand.,"Many employees have decided to move to other sectors, so we are starting an industry from scratch and we have to fight for talent," said Gabriel Escarrer, chief executive of Spanish hotel group Melia which, along with other hospitality businesses, is reportedly offering higher wages than previously, health insurance, and free accommodation - though that last perk could be more a reflection of the shortage of housing near resorts.,However, hoteliers such as Hotel Mundial - located in Lisbon, Portugal - are facing the far from ideal decision of cutting services if they can’t find staff, and those who employ students will have to juggle rotas to accommodate their schedules.,“During the week we can't open because we have no hands - they are studying,” said Jose Carlos, who owns a bar in Madrid called Tabanco de Jerez.,Spain's hospitality industry is now paying 60 percent more than it did last year, on average, in an attempt to lure workers back to the force - however, those working in the tourism industry are still among the lowest-paid workers.,"Half of it is we've been blind, we've been not paying attention to a lot of people and probably underpaying some people for too long as well," said Bazin, who is worried his company won’t have enough staff when the summer rush, which is the height of the tourist season - arrives. "So it's a wake-up call.",One of the best documented reasons for people leaving their job during 'The Great Resignation' was because they were being paid too little. Another reason was the lack of professional advancement within the industry.,Other reasons people quit in 2021 included: feeling disrespected, lack of flexibility in scheduling, and a lack of benefits such as healthcare and paid holiday, according to a Pew Research Center survey. That same survey found that those who quit their job were able to find new places of employment that offered them better pay and more opportunities.。                   该芯片或将用于微软Azure数据中心等人工智能基础设施。                   如果消息属实，这笔交易将使微软能够获得一个位于美国当地的芯片供应链。此外，考虑到美国政府对英特尔的投资，这笔交易在其他方面也可能对微软有利。                   ▍潜在合作                    2024年初时，曾有报道称英特尔和微软宣布将利用英特尔的18A制造工艺打造一款“定制处理器”。

二 | 当时这两家公司并未透露该芯片的具体用途，使得行业观察人士在猜测和解读方面有了很大的空间。                   如今，这两家公司打破了沉默，有消息人士公布了英特尔代工业务的18A代工厂客户信息，称英特尔代工厂正计划为微软生产一款基于18A或18A-P（性能提高8%）制程的人工智能处理器。                   这一潜在合作具有双重战略意义：一方面，此举旨在实现微软芯片供应链的多元化，以降低对单一供应商的过度依赖，增强供应链韧性；另一方面，也顺应了美国《芯片法案》中推动本土半导体制造业复兴的国家战略。                   对英特尔来说，这也将是个重大进展。如果微软的Maia 2有望在英特尔代工厂生产，那么后者公司的18A（或18A-P）的制造工艺预计将对英特尔开拓其他代工厂客户有利；此外，这份合同也有可能是英特尔节点良品率良好的标志。                   有分析指出，若此次合作进展顺利，双方可能就未来几代Maia芯片开启长期合作，从而在人工智能硬件领域形成更稳固的联盟。                   ▍微软对Maia项目寄予厚望                    微软在传统观念里是一家专注于云计算和软件的巨头，但该公司其实拥有一支强大的硬件开发团队，旨在为各种数据中心应用定制生产芯片，包括Cobalt CPUs、DPUs以及Maia人工智能加速器等。                   虽然微软目前在人工智能领域的大部分产品都还是依赖英伟达的人工智能加速器，但该公司正在大力投入，以优化其硬件和软件，以实现更高的性能，同时提高效率，从而降低总体拥有成本。因此，Maia处理器对于微软来说是一项重要的项目。

三 |                    微软最初的Maia 100处理器是一块面积达820平方毫米的巨型硅片，其内部集成了1050亿个晶体管。不过其面积比英伟达的H100（814平方毫米）或B200/B300计算芯片组（750平方毫米）都要大。                   假设微软的人工智能处理器转为由英特尔代工制造，那么英特尔的18A制造工艺有望实现足够低的缺陷密度，从而能够以良好的良率大规模生产此类芯片。当然，微软也可以将其下一代人工智能处理器划分为几个较小的计算芯片单元，通过英特尔的EMIB或Foveros技术进行连接，只不过这可能会对性能效率产生一定影响。

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